same people over a period of decades. Both period and cohort measures are widely used.

Period measures

* Crude birth rate (CBR) - the number of live births in a given year per 1,000 people alive at the middle of that year. One disadvantage of this indicator is that it is influenced by the age structure of the population.
* General fertility rate (GFR) - the number of births in a year divided by the number of women aged

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