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<p>since 1871, when a revised state constitution took effect following the <a href="page.php?w=American_Civil_War">American Civil War</a> and the creation of <a href="page.php?w=West_Virginia">West Virginia</a>. Virginia's thirty-eight independent cities are not politically part of a county, even though geographically they may be completely surrounded by one. An independent city in Virginia may serve as the <a href="page.php?w=county_seat">county seat</a> of an adjacent county, even though the city by definition is not part of that county. Some</p><p>
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