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to all IRES segments have not been reported to date.

Use of IRES sequences in molecular biology soon became common as a tool for expressing multiple genes from a single transcriptional unit in a genetic vector. In such vectors, translation of the first cistron is initiated at the 5' cap, and translation of any downstream cistron is enabled by an IRES element appended at its 5' end.

Location

IRES elements are most commonly found in the 5' untranslated region,

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