in the order Fagales; the name is often hyphenated as horse-chestnut to minimise this confusion.

Description

Aesculus species are shrubs or trees growing to 4 - 35 m tall. They have stout shoots with resinous, often sticky, buds, with opposite, palmately divided, deciduous, leaves; these are often very large, to 65 cm across in the Japanese horse-chestnut A. turbinata. The flowers are showy, insect- or bird-pollinated, with four or five petals fused into a lobed

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