institutions. This approach differed from the Confucian belief that the ruler's moral example was the most important factor. The Hongwu Emperor also prioritized the safety of his people and the loyalty of his subordinates, demonstrating pragmatism and caution in military affairs. He maintained a disciplined army and made efforts to minimize the impact of war on civilians.

Early life

Zhu Yuanzhang, the future Hongwu Emperor, was born in 1328 in Zhongli village, in Haozhou (present-day Fengyang,

1.Previous
3.Next