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<p>Some form of Mandarin has served as a <a href="page.php?w=lingua_franca">lingua franca</a> for government officials and the courts since at least the 14th century. In the early 20th century, a <a href="page.php?w=standard_language">standard language</a> based on the Beijing dialect, with elements from other Mandarin varieties, was adopted as the <a href="page.php?w=national_language">national language</a>. Today, Standard Chinese is the <a href="page.php?w=official_language">official language</a> of <a href="page.php?w=China">China</a> and <a href="page.php?w=Taiwan">Taiwan</a>,</p><p>
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