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and stamens can be present or absent. The androecium consists of 20-750 stamens. The stamens can be petaloid or not petal-like. The gynoecium consists of 5-35 carpels. The carpels usually possess a sterile appendage. The globose, fleshy, spongy, irregularly dehiscent fruit, borne on a terete, glabrous or pubescent, curved or coiled peduncle, bears arillate, globose to elliptic, hairy or glabrous seeds with a smooth surface or longitudinal ridges. Proliferating pseudanthia or tuberous flowers (i.e., sterile, branching, proliferating floral structures

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