has been postulated that the direction of causality depends on the respective subtype of diabetes. Therefore, they may be part of a complex feedback loop involving glucose toxicity leading to a biphasic response, thereby preventing neoplastic effects of dynamical compensation by mutant takeover.

Assessing beta cell function

Measuring beta-cell function is a challenge, since insulin secretory capacity cannot be readily assessed. Therefore, indirect methods of measurement have been developed. They include dynamic and static function

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