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motifs, due to the fact that the length of a piRNA varies between species (from 21 to 31 nucleotides), and the bias for a 5' uridine is common to piRNAs in both vertebrates and invertebrates. piRNAs in Caenorhabditis elegans have a 5' monophosphate and a 3' modification that acts to block either the 2' or 3' oxygen; this has also been confirmed to exist in Drosophila melanogaster,

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