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Rila-Rhodope massif, which is the oldest landmass on the Balkan peninsula. The Rhodopes are spread over 14735 sqkm, of which 12233 sqkm are on Bulgarian territory. They have the greatest extent of any single mountain range in Bulgaria. The mountains are about 240 km long and about 100 to 120 km wide, with an average altitude of 785 m. To the north the mountain slopes descend steeply towards the Upper Thracian Plain.

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