since the 1300s or late-Byzantine era as "?????????u??", or "??????u?". It literally translates to "becoming a Turk". Apart from people, it may also refer to cities conquered by the Turks or churches converted to mosques. It is more frequently used in the verb form "????????" (to Turkify, to become Muslim or Turk).

History

Early examples of Turkification

By 750, the Turkification of Kashgar by the Qarluq Turks was underway. The Qarluqs were ancestors of the Karakhanids, who also

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