of Gissa and Umma into the single geographic name of Umma. Modern excavation at these sites has clarified that. Gissa ceased occupation after the ED and only one ruler is known, based on a lapis lazuli bead reading "To the goddess Inanna, Aka, king of Gissa (dedicated this bead)".

Best known for its long frontier conflict with Lagash, as reported by Entemena, the city reached its zenith , under the rule of Lugal-Zage-Si who also controlled