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<p>United States since as early as 1950. The United States Supreme Court first refers to the "chilling effect" in the context of the United States Constitution in <a href="page.php?w=Wieman_v._Updegraff">Wieman v. Updegraff</a> in 1952.</p>

<p>It, however, became further used as a legal term when <a href="page.php?w=William_J._Brennan">William J. Brennan</a>, a <a href="page.php?w=Associate_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States">justice</a> of the <a href="page.php?w=United_States_Supreme_Court">United States Supreme Court</a>, used</p><p>
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