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exists in three distinct structures, for example. Many metal oxides exist in various nonstoichiometric states. Many molecular oxides exist with diverse ligands as well.

For simplicity's sake, most of this article focuses on binary oxides.

Formation

Oxides are associated with all elements except a few noble gases. The pathways for the formation of this diverse family of compounds are correspondingly numerous.

Metal oxides

Many metal oxides arise by decomposition of other metal compounds, e.g. carbonates,

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