in the concepts of unconscionability and fraud.

As such, the modern doctrine of the mortgage originates in the law of equity. Prior to the enactment of the Law of Property Act 1925, mortgages over land could only arise where the borrower or mortgagor transferred their entire estate (or, alternatively, demise a lease) to the creditor or mortgagee, with only a contractual agreement that the mortgagee would return the estate once all payments had