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and may indicate possible causes such as multiple gestation or a tumor. On vaginal examination, the absence of a head or feet/breech is apparent.

Shoulder presentations are classified into four types, based on the location of the scapula:
*Left scapula-anterior (LSA)
*Right scapula-anterior (RSA)
*Left scapula-posterior (LSP)
*Right scapula-posterior (RSP)

Management

While a transverse lie prior to labor can be manually versed to a longitudinal lie, once the uterus starts contracting

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