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of nutrients. The midgut contains a long, coiled stomach. The hindgut is specialized for absorbing nutrients and reabsorbing water and ions. The hindgut includes the ileum, the rectum, and associated rectal glands.

Life cycle

Anastrepha fraterculus have a four-stage life cycle: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The females lay their eggs in fruit, where the larvae develop until they reach adulthood and leave the fruit to mate. Their eggs are white, elongated, and curved.

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