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automatic identification technologies consist of three principal components, which also comprise the sequential steps in AIDC:
# Data encoder. A code is a set of symbols or signals that usually represent alphanumeric characters. When data are encoded, the characters are translated into machine-readable code. A label or tag containing the encoded data is attached to the item that is to be identified.
# Machine reader or scanner. This device reads the encoded data, converting them to an alternative form, typically an electrical analog

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