a liberating principle, and referring to his music as part of the more general category of American music. Ellington was known for his inventive use of the orchestra, or big band, as well as for his eloquence and charisma. He was awarded a posthumous Pulitzer Prize Special Award for music in 1999.

Early life and education

Ellington was born on April 29, 1899, to James Edward Ellington and Daisy (née Kennedy) Ellington

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