storage modulus measures the stored energy, representing the elastic portion, and the loss modulus measures the energy dissipated as heat, representing the viscous portion. The tensile storage and loss moduli are defined as follows:

*Storage modulus:
*Loss modulus:
*Phase angle:

Similarly, in the shearing instead of tension case, we also define shear storage and loss moduli, and .

Complex variables can be used to express the moduli and as follows:
:
:where

1.Previous
3.Next