by both Eastern and Western churches. Differences over this and other doctrines, and mainly the question of the disputed papal primacy, have been and remain the primary causes of the schism between the Eastern Orthodox and Western churches.

Nicene Creed

The Nicene Creed as amended by the Second Ecumenical Council held in Constantinople in 381 includes the section:

The controversy arises from the insertion of the word Filioque ("and the Son") in the line:

Controversy

1.Previous
3.Next