in the size and, to a lesser extent, the colour of the flowers and fruit. The chromosome number also differs between species. The basic diploid number is 48, while some are tetraploid with 96, and others hexaploid with 144 and octaploid with 192 chromosomes.

Ecology

Ivies are natives of Eurasia and North Africa, but have been introduced to North America and Australia. They invade disturbed forest areas in North America. Ivy seeds are spread by birds.

Ivies are of major ecological importance

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