* Low nutrient diet (particularly calcium, Vitamin D)

Other diseases

* Celiac disease, via poor absorption of calcium and vitamin D
* Hyperthyroidism
* Anorexia nervosa

Medications

* Steroids
* Anticonvulsants

Screening and diagnosis

The ISCD (International Society for Clinical Densitometry) and the National Osteoporosis Foundation recommend that older adults (women over 65 and men over 70) and adults with risk factors for low bone mass, or previous fragility fractures,

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