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<p><a href="page.php?w=direct_memory_access">direct memory access</a> (DMA) feature allows other devices in the <a href="page.php?w=mother_board">mother board</a> besides the CPU to address the main memory.  Such devices, therefore, also need to have a knowledge of physical addresses.</p>

<p>The <a href="page.php?w=memory-mapped_I%2FO">memory-mapped I/O</a> addresses are also physical addresses, which may be accessed by the <a href="page.php?w=device_driver">device driver</a>s in an operating system.</p>

<p><big>See also</big></p>
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* <a href="page.php?w=Address_constant">Address constant</a><br/></p><p>
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