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<p>wave:<br/>
:Peak-to-peak </p>

<p><big>In waveform combinations</big></p>
<p>Waveforms made by summing known simple waveforms have an RMS value that is the root of the sum of squares of the component RMS values, if the component waveforms are <a href="page.php?w=orthogonal_functions">orthogonal</a> (that is, if the average of the product of one simple waveform with another is zero for all pairs other than a waveform times itself).<br/>
:</p>

<p>Alternatively, for waveforms that are perfectly positively correlated, or "in phase" with each other, their</p><p>
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