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density and destroying the original structure. The density changes from 3.3 to 2.5 g/cm3 with a concurrent volume increase on the order of 30-40%. The reaction is highly exothermic, releasing up to 40 kJ per mole of water reacting with the rock, and rock temperatures can be raised by about 260 Celsius, providing an energy source for formation of non-volcanic hydrothermal vents. The hydrogen, methane, and hydrogen sulfide produced during serpentinization are released

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