Linguistic evidence

A comparison of numerals of Siraya, Taivoan (Tevorangh dialect), and Makatao (Kanapo dialect) with Proto-Austronesian language show the difference among the three Austronesian languages in southwestern Taiwan in the early 20th century:

In 2009, further proved the relationship among the three languages, based on the latest linguistic observations below:

Some examples include:

Based on the discovery, Li attempted two classification trees:

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