at highway crossings and railroad stops. These were almost never called "juke joints," but rather were called by names such as "Lone Star" or "Colored Cafe". They were often open only on weekends.

Juke joints may be considered the first "private space" for black people in the United States. Paul Oliver writes that juke joints were "the last retreat, the final bastion for black people who want to get away from whites, and the pressures of the day." Juke joints occurred on plantations, and classic juke joints found, for example, at rural