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Because in the real world, analog signals are rarely all the way in one direction, there is a quantization error, the difference between the 1 or 0 and the actual amplitude it represents. This error is fed back negatively in the ?? process loop. In this way, every error successively influences every other quantization measurement and its error. This has the effect of averaging out the quantization error, while noise shaping it to push most of the quantization error into

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