or aridity can be more important climatic stresses that affect altitudinal zones. Both overall levels of precipitation and humidity influence soil moisture as well. One of the most important factors that control the lower boundary of the Encinal or forest level is the ratio of evaporation to soil moisture.

Soil composition

The nutrient content of soils at different elevations further complicates the demarcation of altitudinal zones. Soils with higher nutrient

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