confined during the reigns of cousins and older brothers before acceding to his father's throne.

Some inmates of the Kafes grew old and died there before they had the opportunity to succeed to the throne. Confinement in the Kafes had a great impact on the personalities of the captives in the Kafes and many of them developed psychological disorders. At least one deposed sultan and one heir committed suicide in the Kafes.

Later years

The last Ottoman sultan, Mehmet VI

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