aspects of cognition independently, and that a locally damaged brain functions identically to a normal brain in its "undamaged" parts.

Sham lesion is the name given to a control procedure during a lesion experiment. In a sham lesion, an animal may be placed in a stereotaxic apparatus and electrodes inserted as in the experimental condition, but no current is passed, so damage to the tissue should be minimal.

Research with humans

Humans with brain lesions are often subjects of research with the goal of establishing the

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