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rebellions. The Bourbon Reforms increased the unease, and the dissent had its outbreak in the 1780-1781 uprising lead by Túpac Amaru II. Which was repressed, but the root cause of the discontent of the indigenous people remained dormant. It is debated whether these movements should be considered as precedents of the emancipation that was led by chiefs (caudillos), Peruvian towns (pueblos), and other

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