has stopped taking the medication and is 'rebounding' from its effects, they may experience insomnia as a symptom of withdrawal. Occasionally, this insomnia may be worse than the insomnia the drug was intended to treat. Common medications reported in this context include eszopiclone, zolpidem, and benzodiazepine anxiolytics; alprazolam has specifically been associated with rebound anxiety after discontinuation.

Rebound depression may appear to arise in patients previously free of such an illness.