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The feet of Svalbard reindeer are also different from Eurasian tundra reindeer, in that the metapodia (long bones of the hand and foot) are shorter in proportion to the tibia.

Despite mtDNA haplotypes that indicate a common origin with mainland tundra reindeer, many genetic studies have shown the wide genetic distance between Svalbard and other reindeer.

Røed, using gel electrophoresis to analyze genetic variation in Svalbard reindeer compared to wild Norwegian reindeer, reported "unique alleles in the loci coding for transferrin

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