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of South Africa) was severely struck by the disease, which became known to the British as nagana, a Zulu word meaning "low or depressed in spirit". In other parts of Africa, Europeans called it the "fly disease".John Aktins, an English naval surgeon, gave the first medical description of human sleeping sickness in 1734. He attributed deaths, which he called "sleepy distemper", in Guinea to the infection. Another English physician, Thomas Masterman Winterbottom,

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