angle", for example, "millimeter × milliradians". It can be measured in all three spatial dimensions.

Geometric transverse emittance

When a particle moves through a circular accelerator or storage ring, the position and angle of the particle in the x direction will trace an ellipse in phase space. (All of this section applies equivalently to and ) This ellipse can be described by the following equation:

where x and ' are the position and angle of the particle,

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