magnitude greater than the temperature of the neutral species. Temperatures of argon ICP plasma discharge are typically ~5,500 to 6,500 K and are therefore comparable to those reached at the surface (photosphere) of the sun (~4,500 K to ~6,000 K). ICP discharges are of relatively high electron density, on the order of 10¹⁵ cm^-3. As a result, ICP discharges have wide applications wherever a high-density plasma (HDP) is needed.