near Kulyab in Tajikistan, and in the Kugitangtau Range in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan.

In Afghanistan, the markhor is limited to the east in the high and mountainous monsoon forests of Laghman and Nuristan. Until 1978, it survived in the country only in the Kabul Gorge and the Kohe Safi area of Kapissa, and in some isolated