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is defined as , and this may be plugged into the Ostwald equation to yield a second power-law equation for apparent viscosity:

:

This expression can also be used to describe dilatant (shear thickening) behaviour, where the value of n is greater than 1.

Herschel-Bulkley model

Bingham plastics require a critical shear stress to be exceeded in order to start flowing. This behaviour is usually seen in polymer/silica micro- and nanocomposites,

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