1.Previous
3.Next

of Trees") is not traversed by any mountain chain. The west coast is indented by two deep inlets: the northernmost, the Gulf of Astacus (today the Gulf of Izmit), penetrating between 40 and 50 mi into the interior as far as Nicomedia (today Izmit), separated by an isthmus of only about 25 mi from the Black Sea; and the Gulf of Cius (today the Gulf of Gemlik),

1.Previous
3.Next