referred to as the Voortrekkers during this time. Several mass movements occurred during the 1830s-1840 period. On 22 January 1837 Piet Retief addressed a letter to the British Colonial Administration in which he concluded "We quit this colony under the full assurance that the English Government has nothing more to require of us, and will allow us to govern ourselves without its interference in future".

Republic of Swellendam

By 1795 the dissatisfaction

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