of the Negev in Israel had it as their practice to take the root of the shaggy sparrow-wort (Thymelaea hirsuta), cut the root into splinters lengthwise, burn the splinter in fire, and then apply the red-hot tip of a splinter to the forehead of a person who was ill with ringworm (dermatophytosis).

The technique of ligature of the arteries as an alternative to cauterization was