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of the Constitution); there is also a separate military intelligence organisation, the Military Counterintelligence Service (Militärischer Abschirmdienst, or MAD).

History

The predecessor of the BND was the German eastern military intelligence agency during World War II, the [[Abteilung Fremde Heere Ost]] or FHO Section in the General Staff, led by [[Wehrmacht]] Major General Reinhard Gehlen.

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