untrue, but harmful."

Philosopher Bertrand Russell wrote in his 1944 essay The Value of Free Thought that someone is considered a freethinker only if their beliefs are supported by evidence rather than bias, regardless of how odd their conclusions may seem. According to Russell, a freethinker is not necessarily an atheist or an agnostic, as long as they are free from the "force of tradition" and the "tyranny of [their] own passions".

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