lies along the c-axis and, because the negative charge is localized near the oxygen atom, the dipole moment points to the apex, perpendicular to the base plane.

Acids and acidity

The hydrated proton is very acidic: at 25 °C, its p''K''_a is approximately 0. The values commonly given for pK_a^aq(H₃O⁺) are 0 or -1.74. The former uses the convention that the activity of the solvent in a dilute solution (in this case, water)

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