this entry as "the first positive reference to political states in or near the Philippines."

Ma-i could be possibly mentioned earlier since the Arabic author Al Ya'akubi, writing in 800, recorded that the kingdom of Musa (Muja, which is old Brunei) was in alliance with the kingdom of Mayd (Ma-i), against the Chinese Empire, which they waged war against.

In 1980, historian Robert Nicholl argued that the nation of "Maidh", referred to in the 10th-century records of the Sultanate of Brunei,

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