control such as "halter voting" (voto de cabresto or voto cantado) and began to redefine national political life. Although often viewed with suspicion and associated with manipulation or demagoguery, populism in this context frequently carried a positive connotation and was openly embraced by political actors.

Academic adoption and conceptual drift

Until the 1950s, use of the term populism in academia remained restricted largely to historians studying the People's Party. In 1954, however,

1.Previous
3.Next