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(reigned 301-281 BC). According to Tacitus, Nikephorion, alongside other cities like Anthemousias, was established by Macedonians and bore a Greek name.

The successor of Seleucus I, Seleucus II Callinicus (r. 246-225 BC), enlarged the city and renamed it after himself as Kallinikos (??????????, Latinized as Callinicum).

According to Cassius Dio, during Crassus's

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