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<p>excursion of a function. In other words, let  be a continuous real-valued function and  an interval such that  and  for .</p>

<p>For , , define a <a href="page.php?w=Metric_space">pseudometric</a> and an <a href="page.php?w=equivalence_relation">equivalence relation</a> with: </p>

<p> </p>

<p>  </p>

<p>Then, the <a href="page.php?w=Quotient_space_%28topology%29">quotient space</a>  is a real tree.   Intuitively, the <a href="page.php?w=local_minima">local minima</a> of the excursion e are the parents of the <a href="page.php?w=local_maxima">local maxima</a>.</p><p>
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